What is an allergic reaction?
An allergy occurs in some people when their immune system starts producing excessive amounts of a particular antibody, IgE, specific to one or more allergens.
Once produced, this antibody attaches to mast cells, which are cells present in the skin and mucous membranes. After the sensitization phase, re-exposure to the same allergens causes mast cells to release various chemical substances, including histamine, which are responsible for allergic symptoms.
Treatment with medications controls allergic symptoms and inflammation once they are triggered, but unfortunately, it does not address the root of the problem.
Dust mite allergies
Dust mites are microscopic organisms found in our homes, particularly in warm and humid environments, where they feed on dead human skin cells.
In allergic individuals, the immune system reacts to proteins in dust mite droppings, causing inflammation of the respiratory tract. Symptoms are often more pronounced at night or upon waking, as bedding provides a favorable environment for their proliferation.
To limit exposure to allergens, the indoor environment of the home (especially the bedroom) must be adapted to reduce the presence of these microscopic organisms. Bedding, in particular, gathers all the conditions favorable to their development: warmth, humidity, and the presence of dander, on which they feed.
RECOMMENDED ACTIONS
- Reduce the temperature (18 to 19°C maximum)
- Aerate daily for 30 minutes (even if it's cold outside or during humid heat)
- Maintain room humidity between 40% and 50%
- Get rid of stuffed items such as plush toys and cushions
- Prefer washable floor coverings to carpets, and blinds to curtains
- Thoroughly dust furniture and vacuum frequently
- Use medical-grade anti-mite covers for mattresses, pillows, etc., which provide an effective barrier to prevent contact with dust mite allergens.
Pet dander allergies
Animal dander (mainly hair, skin flakes, and saliva residue) are common sources of allergens in indoor environments. Contrary to popular belief, it is not the hair itself that causes the allergy, but the allergenic proteins it carries, which easily disperse into the air and onto surfaces.
In allergic individuals, the immune system reacts to these proteins, leading to inflammation of the respiratory tract and symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, congestion, or asthma. These allergens can persist in the environment for a long time, even in the absence of the animal.
In the context of animal allergies, management primarily relies on complete avoidance: it is recommended to avoid all contact with pets and the places they usually frequent, as even minimal exposure can be enough to trigger symptoms.
If there is a pet at home, considering the separation of the family and the pet is difficult but essential, as these allergies can progress to asthma.
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
- Non-allergenic animals do not exist
- Not touching them is not enough
- Washing them is not effective
- No product exists that makes an animal non-allergenic
Pollen allergies
Pollen allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to microscopic particles released by certain plants, trees, and grasses. Pollen is the most difficult allergen to avoid, as it is impossible to remove it from the natural environment. Carried by the wind, it is invisible to the naked eye and can be easily inhaled.
In allergic individuals, this exposure triggers inflammation of the respiratory tract and mucous membranes, causing symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, congestion, itchy eyes, or asthma.
To reduce pollen exposure, it is important to adopt avoidance measures during pollen seasons, including limiting outdoor activities when concentrations are high and controlling the entry of pollen into indoor environments.
RECOMMENDATIONS TO FOLLOW
To reduce pollen exposure during pollen seasons, you should:
- Avoid picnics and walks in nature
- Wash your hair and change your clothes after a walk
- Avoid mowing the lawn or being present while it is being mowed
- Prefer air conditioning over wide-open windows
Food allergies
A food allergy is an abnormal reaction of the immune system to a food that is harmless to most people. In allergic individuals, the body identifies certain food proteins as a threat and triggers an excessive defense response.
This reaction can occur quickly after ingestion and cause a variety of symptoms, ranging from mild discomfort to severe reactions. Food allergies require precise identification of the responsible food and rigorous management.
Act at the source
The goal of immunotherapy is to restore tolerance to the allergens responsible for allergic reactions by regulating and controlling the production of specific IgE that initiated the allergic cascade.
At Allergo, we offer several desensitization solutions adapted to different types of allergens and patient needs. To determine the most appropriate approach, it is recommended to consult your doctor, who can assess your individual situation and propose personalized treatment.